Equipment basics: pumps, filters, heaters

What to check on pumps, sand/cartridge/DE filters and heaters, and when to call a licensed pro.

Pumps

• Loud grinding or screeching: often bearings. Humming without starting: often a capacitor or a jammed impeller. Both are electrical/mechanical repairs.
• Air in the pump basket: check the lid O-ring, water level and suction leaks.

Filters

• Sand: backwash when pressure rises 8–10 psi over clean; replace sand every 5–7 years.
• Cartridge: hose clean; soak in cleaner a few times a year; replace when cloth is worn.
• DE: backwash and recharge with the right amount of DE for the filter's square footage.

Heaters

• Keep vents and the area around the heater clear; check for insects or debris in burners from the outside only.
• Error codes: note them for the repair visit.